About 1900 my parents came to the United States as children from what was then the Polish area of Russia.
Natures' curriculum cannot be changed.
This was good training for research, because large parts of experimental work are sometimes boring or involve the use of skills in which one is not particularly gifted.
The remoteness of my parents from the schools, so unfashionable today, was often painful for me, but I learned early to deal with an outside and sometimes hard world.
My parents were determined to move into the middle class.
As Jews, their families left Russia to escape the poverty and the antisemitism.
I read everything: fiction, history, science, mathematics, biography, travel.
Their educations ended with high school - my father going to work as a clerk and then salesman in a company dealing in printing and stationary, and my mother working as a secretary and then bookkeeper in a firm of wool merchants.
Going to school and working for good marks, indeed working for very good marks, was a serious business.
My parents regarded school teachers as higher beings, as did many immigrants.
A parent being called to the school because their child had misbehaved was as serious as a parent being called to the police station because their child had robbed a bank.
Whatever the course, whether the course was boring or interesting to me, whether I was talented in mathematics or not talented in languages, my parents expected A's.
There were two free public libraries within walking distance of my home; I remember taking six books home from every visit, the limit set by the library.
They wanted me to play more sports because they were acutely sensitive to their children being one hundred percent American, and they believed that all Americans played sports and loved sports.
Naturally, I have compensated in my adult years by owning very large numbers of books.
I was also interested in chemistry, but my parents were not willing to buy me a chemistry set.
I learned quickly, as I tell my graduate students now, there are no answers in the back of the book when the equipment doesn't work or the measurements look strange.
It was good fortune to be a child during the Depression years and a youth during the war years.
